Groovy Drum Machine Sequencer

{"name":"Make Some Noise Week 2","description":"music class 2","photo":"https://res.cloudinary.com/dzv7hjwfn/image/upload/qfjlc7tnvpon8pi8flzx","view_count":1,"fork_count":0,"expires_at":null,"created_at":"2025-04-01T18:15:00.073272Z","updated_at":"2025-04-01T18:15:00.073275Z","user_id":202,"status":"DELETED","parent_id":5841,"id":6338,"user":{"username":"grady swanson","id":202,"password_hash":"$2b$12$MFGwAlo.9dpiymos35d1QeZYvdejnGFqhq1tLNuERMks2.17TAxFK","updated_at":"2024-08-29T17:24:08.392331Z","reset_token_expiry":null,"subscription_status":null,"photo":null,"email":"grady.swanson@alpha.school","recess_id":null,"created_at":"2024-08-29T17:24:08.392326Z","reset_token":null,"stripe_customer_id":null,"seats":null},"code":{"script.js":"/*\n\nWelcome back!\n\nMusic is all about time. We are going to burn the fuel of time in a different way today.\n\nLast week we *synthesized* sound by producing waves.\nFrequency, how fast a wave oscillates, controls the pitch of a sound.\nFrequency is about timing but on a tiny scale: a single bump of a wave might last something like 0.00227 seconds.\nYour ear experiences that as a continuous note, not as individual bursts of air.\n\nBut if musical events happen on larger timescales, like 0.1 seconds or longer, we experience separate events.\nWe cross from pitch to *rhythm*.\n\nRhythm is the arrangement of sounds in time.\nI would call rhythm the most important part of music.\nRhythm makes you want to dance. It can confuse and bewilder you.\nRhythm can take over your body and mind!\n\nRhythm leads us down a rabbit hole to... *math*.\n\nYes, we have to do more math. Sorry not sorry!\n\nThe program here is what a musician would call a \n*drum machine*, or more generally, a *sequencer*.\n\nA machine that can set up and play back sounds on a *rhythmic grid*.\n\nLet's run this program to investigate how this grid works.\n\nClick a square to enable or disable it. You should hear a sound when you turn one on.\n\nEach row holds a different sound — a different note.\n\nClick the play button or press Space to begin the flow of time.\n\nTime moves from left to right, then loops.\n\nEach column is a single moment in time.\n\nSet up a beat by enabling some squares then clicking 'Play.'\n\nSimple as that!\n\n~ ~ ~\n\nTake a few minutes to play around. Can you program a funky beat?\n\nWhat *rhythmic principles* ensure funky beats?\n\nHow do you interpet the role of the big squares versus the small squares?\n\nWhat does the 'BPM' slider do?\n\nThe 'Subdivision' buttons?\n\nThe 'Beats' buttons?\n\nExperiment! Follow your ears.\n\n~ ~ ~\n\nYou will find that randomly clicking around does not produce the best results.\n\nA good beat makes you want to *move.*\n\nWhat is the seemingly-magic essence of such a beat?\n\nWell, what variabels are we playing with?\n\n- the individual sound of each note (the \"sample\") -\n- - I think of these as High, Medium, and Low, based on pitch.\n- - all the samples are pretty short, but long vs. short sounds can make a big difference. (Remember \"envelope.\")\n\n- the relative placements of the samples -\n- - more on this momentarily. We will use a semi-numerical system for this.\n\n- the tempo, or speed of the music -\n- - a beat that sounds good fast may not sound good slow!\n\n- the structure of the grid itself -\n- - this will be part of our semi-numerical system.\n\nOur immediate goal: analyze and weild this grid structure so that we don't have to randomly click.\nYou can learn to *imagine* a beat and then program it!\n\n** The mathematics of rhythm **\n\nThe basic units of time in music are *beats* and *measures.* A measure can also be called a *bar.*\n\nMeasure is the big unit. Beats are smaller. \n\n*A measure is made of some number of beats.*\n\nThe grid in this program represents ONE looping measure.\n\nEach big square represents the beginning of one beat.\n\nBy default, this measure has four beats.\nFour-beats-to-a-bar is the most common *time signature* in music.\n\nTurn on a row of just big squares. You will hear equally-spaced pulses on the beats.\n\nYou can alter the number of beats per bar with the +/- buttons.\n\nWhat about the small squares? Those represent smaller *subdivisions* of the beat.\n*Fractions* of beats.\n\nIn much of the music you hear, beats are subdivided into two, four, or eight units — powers of two.\nSubdivision into three (\"triplets\") is common too. Other subdivisions are rare.\n\nTo summarize the rhythmic structure of our grid, we have:\n\n|| - M E A S U R E - ||\n\n|| Beat | Beat | Beat | Beat ||\n\n|| +... | +... | +... | +... ||\n\nAs with fractions, you can always divide up measures and beats as much as you want.\n\nNow for the number part.\n\nWe count beats 1, 2, 3, 4, ...\n\nMusicians use \"and\" (written '+') to mark halfway points between beats.\n\n\"One and Two and Three and Four and...\"\n\n|| 1 + | 2 + | 3 + | 4 + ||\n\nExercise: put a low sound on every beat and put a medium sound on every \"and.\"\n\nWhen a beat is subdivided into four, we use the phrase \"One ee and uh,\" \"Two ee and uh,\" and so on.\n\nLet's play with these ingredients!\n\nA recipe for the classic so-called \"backbeat:\"\n\nLow sounds on beats 1, 3.\nMedium sounds on beats 2, 4.\nHigh sounds on every beat and every \"and.\"\n\nMake that! It will sound like a drummer playing it safe.\nGet the feeling in your bones, then decorate that beat a little.\n\nChange the BPM, which stands for \"beats per minute.\"\nBPM is a measurement of *tempo,* or musical speed.\n\nThe default BPM in this program is 120.\n\n120 beats per minute means 2 beats per second. \nEach beat is 1/2 of a second.\n\nIf a measure contains 4 beats, that means the whole loop is 2 total seconds.\n\nRhythm is the most fun way to practice fraction thinking, especially if there's no pizza on hand.\n\nSometimes odd-numbered beats are called \"strong beats,\" while even-numbered beats are called \"weak beats.\"\nThat structure is mirrored *within* beats: \"ands\" are stronger than \"ees\" and \"uhs.\"\nThe rhythmic grid is a bit like a checkerboard...or a checkerboard within a checkerboard within a checkerboard.\n\nIt's deep and fascinating. To get a feel for this space, a couple basic principles:\n(Remember, rules are meant to be broken!)\n\n- Lower, longer sounds are best suited to strong beats.\n- - Beat one is often called \"the downbeat.\"\n- - The downbeat is often low and clear so that it's obvious where to start counting.\n\n- High, short sounds are lighter and are suited for weak beats and subdivision\n- - You can also fit in more of these sounds. Try to fit lots of high sounds around few low sounds.\n\n- Medium sounds, like a snare drum, sometimes called \"accents,\" don't work so well on downbeats, \n but they can highlight other important beats within the bar. \n- - The standard snare drum pattern is beats two and four only.\n\nLet's hit the laboratory. Play around and follow your ears. \nTry out different tempos, numbers of beats, and subdivisions.\n\nIf you have one goal for now, it should be to set up your beat so that the leftmost position of the grid *feels like* the beginning of the beat.\nIt is easy to disorient yourself inside a rhythm. If you find that happening, try to track down why and then see what you can do to correct it.\n\nObservations? Successes? Failures?\n\nNext time, we'll look \"under the hood\" to get a sense of the programming that goes into a drum machine.\n\nThe good news: mathematical thinking is easy to code. The only challenges in making something like this:\n- Making sure sounds play back at the right time (we use a library for this!)\n- Making the interface clear enough and simple to use.\n\n~ ~ ~\n\nPART TWO: Programming\n\nI want to talk about how I coded this little drum machine. \n\nI won't go over every single line — if you are a pro coder, you can dig into the details.\n\nFirst, an overview of the approach, then a couple highlights on interesting details.\n\nThe main idea is the grid of squares, each of which can be ON or OFF.\n\nSo we need to save true/false for each square and keep the squares organized by rows.\n\nThen, we need some code that goes through the *columns* of squares one by one and plays the ON squares' sounds.\n\nThe time between each column will define the *tempo* of the music.\n\nGrid of ON/OFF squares, play sounds for ON, then move to next column.\n\nRinse and repeat!\n\nEverything else will be in support of that goal. We will break the big idea down into smaller pieces — that's good programming!\n\n*/\n\n// I have loaded in six *assets* (files) that are short sounds.\n// They get saved here — we'll load them into the actual program later.\n\nlet sounds = [\n \"@asset('goodkick')\",\n \"@asset('snare')\",\n \"@asset('kick')\",\n \"@asset('kick1')\",\n \"@asset('med')\",\n \"@asset('lo')\",\n \"@asset('PluckedBass1')\",\n \"@asset('MemphisSlap')\"\n];\n\n// Now we set up the grid.\n// We want one row for each sound:\nlet numRows = sounds.length;\n\n// We will begin with 4 big beats,\nlet numBeats = 4;\n\n// Each broken into 4 small beats.\nlet subdivision = 4;\n\n// We also need save which beat is happening *right now*\n// This will go 1, 2, 3, 4, ... as the program runs.\nlet currentBeat = 0;\n\n// Default tempo is 120 beats per minute,\n// or 2 beats per second.\nlet bpm = 120;\n\n// We will track whether the program is playing music or not.\nlet isPlaying = false;\n\n// We will set this up later to control the amount of time between beats.\nlet interval;\n\n// We will set this up later as a grid of on/off squares.\nlet squareStates;\n\n// We will store a copy of each sound in each square that can play it -- later.\nlet soundInstances = [];\n\n// These will be for controls, later.\nlet bpmSlider;\n\nlet bpmLabel;\n\nlet volumeSliders = [];\n\nfunction setup() {\n const canvasWidth = 2150 * 3.5;\n createCanvas(canvasWidth, windowHeight);\n\n colorMode(HSB, 360, 100, 100);\n background(300, 10, 20);\n\n // Initialize the grid with all squares turned off\n squareStates = new Array(numRows).fill().map(() => new Array(numBeats * subdivision).fill(false));\n\n // This function (written below) loads up sounds so they don't lag the first time they play.\n preloadSounds();\n\n // The next big chunk is just buttons and positioning. Skip unless interested.\n ////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n const saveButton = createButton('Save');\n saveButton.position(900, 40);\n saveButton.mousePressed(saveSequencer);\n\n const loadButton = createButton('Load');\n loadButton.position(980, 40);\n loadButton.mousePressed(loadSequencer);\n\n createElement('label', 'BPM:').position(210, 10);\n bpmSlider = createSlider(40, 200, bpm);\n bpmSlider.position(200, 40); // Lower the slider\n bpmSlider.input(updateBPM);\n\n bpmLabel = createElement('label', bpm.toString()).position(275, 10);\n\n createElement('label', 'Subdivision').position(520, 10);\n const subdivisionDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.position(520, 40);\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseSubdivision);\n\n subdivisionValueLabel = createElement('label', `1/${subdivision}`).position(565, 45);\n\n const subdivisionIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.position(600, 40);\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseSubdivision);\n\n createElement('label', 'Beats').position(740, 10);\n const beatsDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n beatsDecreaseButton.position(720, 40);\n beatsDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseBeats);\n\n beatsValueLabel = createElement('label', numBeats.toString()).position(770, 45);\n\n const beatsIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n beatsIncreaseButton.position(790, 40);\n beatsIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseBeats);\n\n // A loop makes all the volume sliders.\n for (let i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {\n let slider = createSlider(0, 1, 1, 0.01);\n slider.size(50);\n slider.position(20, 120 + (i * 140)); // Increase distance between sliders\n slider.input(() => updateVolume(i));\n volumeSliders.push(slider);\n }\n}\n\nfunction draw() {\n background(50, 10, 70);\n\n drawPlayPauseIcon();\n\n // Adjust the sizes and spacing\n let downbeatSize = 75 / 2; // Halve the downbeat size\n let downbeatSpacing = 150 / 2; // Halve the downbeat spacing\n let startY = 100;\n\n for (let row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {\n let x = 100;\n\n for (let col = 0; col < numBeats * subdivision; col++) {\n let isDownbeat = (col % subdivision === 0);\n let squareSize = isDownbeat ? downbeatSize : (downbeatSpacing - downbeatSize) / (subdivision - 1);\n let y = row * (downbeatSize + 20) + startY;\n let yOffset = isDownbeat ? 0 : (downbeatSize - squareSize) / 4;\n\n let hue = (row * 40) % 360;\n if (squareStates[row][col]) {\n fill(hue, 90, 100);\n } else {\n fill(hue, 30, 50);\n }\n\n noStroke();\n rect(x + (isDownbeat ? 0 : squareSize / 2), y + yOffset, squareSize, squareSize);\n\n let borderSize = 4;\n if (col === currentBeat) {\n stroke(squareStates[row][col] ? [hue, 30, 100] : [hue, 20, 50]);\n strokeWeight(borderSize);\n noFill();\n rect(x + (isDownbeat ? 0 : squareSize / 2) - (borderSize / 2), y + yOffset - (borderSize / 2), squareSize + borderSize, squareSize + borderSize);\n }\n\n x += squareSize + (isDownbeat ? 0 : (downbeatSpacing - downbeatSize) / (subdivision - 1));\n }\n }\n}\n\n//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n// The next two functions work together to make the actual sounds.\n\n// First up, the function that runs when you hit the play/pause button.\nfunction togglePlay() {\n isPlaying = !isPlaying; // This switches play to pause and vice versa.\n\n // If music should be playing...\n if (isPlaying) {\n // Go to the first beat,\n currentBeat = 0;\n // then use setInterval to set up a looping clock.\n // We do some math to calculate the amount of time betwen each square.\n // 60000 ms = 1 minute. We divide by beats per minute to get the length of one big beat.\n // Then 'subdivision' in the denominator gives the length of one *small beat.* \n interval = setInterval(loopThroughSquares, (60000 / (bpm * subdivision)));\n // Each time this timer cycles, run loopThroughSquares. See that function below.\n } else {\n // If pausing, stop the timer and stop all sounds.\n clearInterval(interval);\n Howler.stop(); // Turns off all audio.\n }\n\n}\n\n// This function gets called once every little beat.\n// It makes use of currentBeat to know what column is active,\n// Then it loops through all the rows to check which squares are on and which are off.\n// For all the on ones, play the sound!\nfunction loopThroughSquares() {\n // The slider to change the tempo gets checked every big beat.\n if (currentBeat % subdivision === 0) {\n updateBPM();\n }\n\n // Check every row:\n for (let row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {\n // If a square is on...\n if (squareStates[row][currentBeat]) {\n // Play the sound it contains!\n soundInstances[row].play();\n } // Otherwise do nothing.\n }\n\n // Move to the next column\n currentBeat = (currentBeat + 1) % (numBeats * subdivision);\n\n // If the currentBeat is back at the start, loop again\n if (currentBeat === 0) {\n clearInterval(interval);\n interval = setInterval(loopThroughSquares, (60000 / (bpm * subdivision)));\n }\n}\n\n//script.js\nfunction togglePlay() {\n isPlaying = !isPlaying; // This switches play to pause and vice versa.\n\n // If music should be playing...\n if (isPlaying) {\n // Go to the first beat,\n currentBeat = 0;\n // then use setInterval to set up a looping clock.\n interval = setInterval(loopThroughSquares, (60000 / (bpm * subdivision)));\n } else {\n // If pausing, stop the timer and stop all sounds.\n clearInterval(interval);\n Howler.stop(); // Turns off all audio.\n }\n}\n\n// The two functions above are the core of the drum machine. \n// The rest is visual set up and making the controls work.\n// See more below to dig into details.\n//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n// This runs when the program loads.\n// Howler is a library that does a good job playing back audio.\n// We make a new 'Howl' object to hold each sound.\n// Then we can call .play() on it to play it.\n// Easy! Thanks to the coders behind Howler.\nfunction preloadSounds() {\n soundInstances = sounds.map(sound => {\n let howl = new Howl({\n src: [sound],\n html5: true,\n preload: true,\n autoplay: false,\n loop: false,\n volume: 1.0\n });\n\n // Play and immediately stop the sound to ensure it's loaded\n howl.play();\n howl.stop();\n\n return howl;\n });\n\n console.log(\"All sounds preloaded.\");\n}\n\n// This function changes the tempo.\n// You have to be careful about this sort of thing WHILE music is playing.\n// This function only gets called ON beats -- if you call it in the middle of the beat you could get some funky (bad funky) behavior.\nfunction updateBPM() {\n bpm = bpmSlider.value(); // Check the slider\n bpmLabel.html(bpm); // Update the BPM label\n\n if (isPlaying) {\n clearInterval(interval); // Kill the looping timer \n // Recalculate the beat timer and set it in motion.\n interval = setInterval(loopThroughSquares, (60000 / (bpm * subdivision)));\n }\n}\n\n// We can change the number of beats WITHIN beats — the little beats, or *subdivisions*\nfunction increaseSubdivision() {\n if (subdivision < 6) { // Maximum value \n subdivision++;\n subdivisionValueLabel.html(`1/${subdivision}`);\n updateSubdivision(); // Call updateSubdivision to handle changes\n }\n}\n\nfunction decreaseSubdivision() {\n if (subdivision > 2) { // Minimum value \n subdivision--;\n subdivisionValueLabel.html(`1/${subdivision}`);\n updateSubdivision(); // Call updateSubdivision to handle changes\n }\n}\n\n// This gets called when the higher functions run.\nfunction updateSubdivision() {\n // If the number of little beats changes, we need to replace the grid with a new one.\n // This sets up a new grid that we will replace the old grid with.\n let newSquareStates = new Array(numRows).fill().map(() => new Array(numBeats * subdivision).fill(false));\n\n // Good ol' nested loop again.\n for (let row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {\n\n for (let beat = 0; beat < numBeats; beat++) {\n\n let previousIndex = beat * (squareStates[row].length / numBeats);\n\n // My strategy was to clear ALL the little beats when the number changes.\n // However, I want to keep big beats that were on on.\n // If a downbeat in the old subdivision was on...\n if (squareStates[row][previousIndex]) {\n // (Big beats are always multiples of the subdivision size.)\n let newIndex = beat * subdivision;\n\n // .. set the new downbeat to be on too.\n newSquareStates[row][newIndex] = true;\n }\n }\n }\n // Now that we have set everything up, we replace the old grid with the new.\n squareStates = newSquareStates;\n}\n\n// A simple drawing for the button.\nfunction drawPlayPauseIcon() {\n noStroke(); // No outline\n fill(50, 100, 100); // color\n let iconSize = 40; // Size \n\n let x = iconSize; // X position with padding\n let y = 20; // Y position with padding\n\n // Draw the icon depending on play/pause\n if (isPlaying) {\n // Draw pause icon (two rectangles)\n rect(x, y, iconSize / 4, iconSize); // Left rectangle\n rect(x + iconSize / 2, y, iconSize / 4, iconSize); // Right rectangle\n } else {\n // Draw play icon (triangle)\n triangle(x, y, x, y + iconSize, x + iconSize, y + iconSize / 2); // Triangle\n }\n}\n\n// The space bar can play/pause too.\nfunction keyPressed() {\n if (key === ' ') { // Check if the space bar is pressed\n togglePlay(); // Call the togglePlay function to play/pause\n return false; // Prevent default behavior\n }\n}\n\n// Function to update the volume of a specific row based on slider value\nfunction updateVolume(row) {\n const volume = volumeSliders[row].value(); // Get the slider value\n soundInstances[row].volume(volume); // Set the volume of the Howl instance for the row\n}\n\n// We can save and load JSONs that track the size of the grid\n// and which squares are on and off.\nfunction saveSequencer() {\n const sequencerState = {\n numRows: numRows,\n numBeats: numBeats,\n subdivision: subdivision,\n squareStates: squareStates\n };\n\n const sequencerJSON = JSON.stringify(sequencerState);\n console.log('Pattern Saved:', sequencerJSON);\n\n // Save it to a file\n const blob = new Blob([sequencerJSON], { type: \"application/json\" });\n const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n const a = document.createElement('a');\n a.href = url;\n a.download = 'drumMachine.json';\n a.click();\n URL.revokeObjectURL(url);\n}\n\n// Load JSON: set the numbers and ON/OFFs\nfunction loadSequencer() {\n const sequencerJSON = prompt(\"Paste the JSON here:\");\n if (!sequencerJSON) return;\n\n const sequencerState = JSON.parse(sequencerJSON);\n\n // Update global variables\n numRows = sequencerState.numRows;\n numBeats = sequencerState.numBeats;\n subdivision = sequencerState.subdivision;\n squareStates = sequencerState.squareStates;\n\n // Update display elements\n beatsValueLabel.html(numBeats);\n subdivisionValueLabel.html(`1/${subdivision}`);\n\n redraw();\n}\n\nfunction increaseBeats() {\n if (numBeats < 99) { // Maximum value\n numBeats++;\n beatsValueLabel.html(numBeats); // Update the display label\n }\n}\n\nfunction decreaseBeats() {\n if (numBeats > 2) { // Minimum value \n numBeats--;\n beatsValueLabel.html(numBeats); // Update the display label\n }\n}\n\nfunction mousePressed() {\n const iconSize = 40;\n const x = iconSize;\n const y = 20;\n if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x + iconSize && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y + iconSize) {\n togglePlay();\n }\n\n let downbeatSize = 75 / 2; // Halve the downbeat size\n let downbeatSpacing = 150 / 2; // Halve the downbeat spacing\n let startY = 100;\n\n for (let row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {\n let x = 100;\n\n for (let col = 0; col < numBeats * subdivision; col++) {\n let isDownbeat = (col % subdivision === 0);\n let squareSize = isDownbeat ? downbeatSize : (downbeatSpacing - downbeatSize) / (subdivision - 1);\n let y = row * (downbeatSize + 20) + startY;\n let yOffset = isDownbeat ? 0 : (downbeatSize - squareSize) / 4;\n\n if (mouseX > x + (isDownbeat ? 0 : squareSize / 2) && mouseX < x + (isDownbeat ? 0 : squareSize / 2) + squareSize && mouseY > y + yOffset && mouseY < y + yOffset + squareSize) {\n squareStates[row][col] = !squareStates[row][col];\n if (!isPlaying && squareStates[row][col]) {\n soundInstances[row].play();\n }\n }\n\n x += squareSize + (isDownbeat ? 0 : (downbeatSpacing - downbeatSize) / (subdivision - 1));\n }\n }\n}\n\n","style.css":"body {\n margin: 0;\n overflow-x: auto;\n}\n\n\n\n/* CSS changes */\nlabel {\n color: #fff;\n font-size: 24px;\n /* Increase font size for labels */\n margin-right: 10px;\n display: inline-block;\n /* Ensure labels are inline for alignment */\n text-align: center;\n /* Center text within the label */\n}\n\n/* style.css */\nbody {\n margin: 0;\n overflow-x: auto;\n}\n\ncanvas {\n display: block;\n}\n\n/* Style for buttons */\nbutton {\n padding: 10px 15px;\n font-size: 18px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n border: 2px solid #000;\n background-color: hsl(300, 10%, 90%);\n cursor: pointer;\n}\n\n/* Style for sliders */\ninput[type=\"range\"] {\n -webkit-appearance: none;\n width: 100px; /* Set new width */\n height: 7.5px; /* Set new height */\n background: #6f6381;\n border-radius: 5px;\n outline: none;\n}\n\n/* Style for slider thumb */\ninput[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\n -webkit-appearance: none;\n appearance: none;\n width: 12.5px; /* Set new width */\n height: 12.5px; /* Set new height */\n border-radius: 10%;\n background: #f1e8f6;\n cursor: pointer;\n}\n\nlabel {\n color: #fff;\n font-size: 24px;\n margin-right: 10px;\n display: inline-block;\n text-align: center;\n}\n","index.html":"\n\n\n\n \n \n Groovy Drum Machine Sequencer\n \n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n"},"chat_history":[{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":null,"id":119416,"project_id":6338,"sender":"client_script","message":"Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.,Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js\n Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.\nUncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:01:27.755898Z","output_tokens":null},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":8649,"id":119417,"project_id":6338,"sender":"ai","message":"

\n# Reasoning\nThe error you are encountering, \"Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0')\", suggests that the `squareStates` array is not properly initialized before it is accessed in the `draw()` function. This array is supposed to hold the on/off states for each square in the grid, but it hasn't been set up yet.\n

\n\n

\n# Answer: \n

\n\nIt seems like the grid of squares hasn't been initialized correctly, which is causing the error. Let's fix that by initializing the `squareStates` array in the `setup()` function.\n\nCould you please confirm if you want me to proceed with initializing the grid for the drum machine?","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:01:27.774503Z","output_tokens":176},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":null,"id":119418,"project_id":6338,"sender":"human","message":"confirm","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:01:46.745399Z","output_tokens":null},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":8594,"id":119419,"project_id":6338,"sender":"ai","message":"Great! Let's go ahead and initialize the `squareStates` array in the `setup()` function to prevent the error. This will set up the grid to track which squares are turned on or off. \n\nHere's how you can do it:\n\n```javascript\n// script.js\nfunction setup() {\n const canvasWidth = 2150 * 3.5;\n createCanvas(canvasWidth, windowHeight);\n\n colorMode(HSB, 360, 100, 100);\n background(300, 10, 20);\n\n // Initialize the grid with all squares turned off\n squareStates = new Array(numRows).fill().map(() => new Array(numBeats * subdivision).fill(false));\n\n // This function (written below) loads up sounds so they don't lag the first time they play.\n preloadSounds();\n\n // The next big chunk is just buttons and positioning. Skip unless interested.\n ////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n const saveButton = createButton('Save');\n saveButton.position(900, 40);\n saveButton.mousePressed(saveSequencer);\n\n const loadButton = createButton('Load');\n loadButton.position(980, 40);\n loadButton.mousePressed(loadSequencer);\n\n createElement('label', 'BPM:').position(210, 10);\n bpmSlider = createSlider(40, 200, bpm);\n bpmSlider.position(200, 40); // Lower the slider\n bpmSlider.input(updateBPM);\n\n bpmLabel = createElement('label', bpm.toString()).position(275, 10);\n\n createElement('label', 'Subdivision').position(520, 10);\n const subdivisionDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.position(520, 40);\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseSubdivision);\n\n subdivisionValueLabel = createElement('label', `1/${subdivision}`).position(565, 45);\n\n const subdivisionIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.position(600, 40);\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseSubdivision);\n\n createElement('label', 'Beats').position(740, 10);\n const beatsDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n beatsDecreaseButton.position(720, 40);\n beatsDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseBeats);\n\n beatsValueLabel = createElement('label', numBeats.toString()).position(770, 45);\n\n const beatsIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n beatsIncreaseButton.position(790, 40);\n beatsIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseBeats);\n\n // A loop makes all the volume sliders.\n for (let i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {\n let slider = createSlider(0, 1, 1, 0.01);\n slider.size(50);\n slider.position(20, 120 + (i * 140)); // Increase distance between sliders\n slider.input(() => updateVolume(i));\n volumeSliders.push(slider);\n }\n}\n```\n\n- The `squareStates` array is initialized as a 2D array with `numRows` and `numBeats * subdivision` dimensions.\n- Each element in the array is set to `false` initially, indicating that all squares are off.\n- This setup ensures that the grid is properly initialized before accessing it in the `draw()` function.","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:01:46.777000Z","output_tokens":727},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":null,"id":119420,"project_id":6338,"sender":"client_script","message":"Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.,Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js\n Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.\nUncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:02:08.957957Z","output_tokens":null},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":8649,"id":119421,"project_id":6338,"sender":"ai","message":"

\n# Reasoning\nThe error you're encountering occurs because the `squareStates` array is not properly initialized before being accessed in the `draw()` function. This array is meant to store the on/off states of each square in the grid, but it hasn't been initialized in the `setup()` function.\n

\n\n

\n# Answer: \n

\n\nTo fix this error, we need to initialize the `squareStates` array in the `setup()` function. Let's do that to ensure the grid is ready before use in the `draw()` function.\n\nHere’s how you can modify the `setup()` function to initialize the `squareStates` array:\n\n```javascript\n// script.js\nfunction setup() {\n const canvasWidth = 2150 * 3.5;\n createCanvas(canvasWidth, windowHeight);\n\n colorMode(HSB, 360, 100, 100);\n background(300, 10, 20);\n\n // Initialize the grid with all squares turned off\n squareStates = new Array(numRows).fill().map(() => new Array(numBeats * subdivision).fill(false));\n\n // This function (written below) loads up sounds so they don't lag the first time they play.\n preloadSounds();\n\n // The next big chunk is just buttons and positioning. Skip unless interested.\n ////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n const saveButton = createButton('Save');\n saveButton.position(900, 40);\n saveButton.mousePressed(saveSequencer);\n\n const loadButton = createButton('Load');\n loadButton.position(980, 40);\n loadButton.mousePressed(loadSequencer);\n\n createElement('label', 'BPM:').position(210, 10);\n bpmSlider = createSlider(40, 200, bpm);\n bpmSlider.position(200, 40); // Lower the slider\n bpmSlider.input(updateBPM);\n\n bpmLabel = createElement('label', bpm.toString()).position(275, 10);\n\n createElement('label', 'Subdivision').position(520, 10);\n const subdivisionDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.position(520, 40);\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseSubdivision);\n\n subdivisionValueLabel = createElement('label', `1/${subdivision}`).position(565, 45);\n\n const subdivisionIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.position(600, 40);\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseSubdivision);\n\n createElement('label', 'Beats').position(740, 10);\n const beatsDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n beatsDecreaseButton.position(720, 40);\n beatsDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseBeats);\n\n beatsValueLabel = createElement('label', numBeats.toString()).position(770, 45);\n\n const beatsIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n beatsIncreaseButton.position(790, 40);\n beatsIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseBeats);\n\n // A loop makes all the volume sliders.\n for (let i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {\n let slider = createSlider(0, 1, 1, 0.01);\n slider.size(50);\n slider.position(20, 120 + (i * 140)); // Increase distance between sliders\n slider.input(() => updateVolume(i));\n volumeSliders.push(slider);\n }\n}\n```\n\n- The `squareStates` array is initialized as a 2D array with `numRows` and `numBeats * subdivision` dimensions.\n- Each element in the array is set to `false`, indicating that all squares are initially off.\n- This setup ensures that the grid is ready before it's accessed in the `draw()` function.","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:02:08.965748Z","output_tokens":830},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":null,"id":119422,"project_id":6338,"sender":"client_script","message":"Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.,Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js\n Errors:\nAll sounds preloaded.\nUncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading '0') at 348:29 in script.js","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:02:28.834535Z","output_tokens":null},{"code_id":218601,"deleted":0,"input_tokens":8649,"id":119423,"project_id":6338,"sender":"ai","message":"Let's address the \"Uncaught TypeError\" error you're experiencing. This error occurs because the `squareStates` array is not initialized before being used in the `draw()` function. We'll need to initialize it properly in the `setup()` function.\n\nHere’s how you can modify the `setup()` function to initialize the `squareStates` array:\n\n```javascript\n// script.js\nfunction setup() {\n const canvasWidth = 2150 * 3.5;\n createCanvas(canvasWidth, windowHeight);\n\n colorMode(HSB, 360, 100, 100);\n background(300, 10, 20);\n\n // Initialize the grid with all squares turned off\n squareStates = new Array(numRows).fill().map(() => new Array(numBeats * subdivision).fill(false));\n\n // This function (written below) loads up sounds so they don't lag the first time they play.\n preloadSounds();\n\n // The next big chunk is just buttons and positioning. Skip unless interested.\n ////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n const saveButton = createButton('Save');\n saveButton.position(900, 40);\n saveButton.mousePressed(saveSequencer);\n\n const loadButton = createButton('Load');\n loadButton.position(980, 40);\n loadButton.mousePressed(loadSequencer);\n\n createElement('label', 'BPM:').position(210, 10);\n bpmSlider = createSlider(40, 200, bpm);\n bpmSlider.position(200, 40); // Lower the slider\n bpmSlider.input(updateBPM);\n\n bpmLabel = createElement('label', bpm.toString()).position(275, 10);\n\n createElement('label', 'Subdivision').position(520, 10);\n const subdivisionDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.position(520, 40);\n subdivisionDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseSubdivision);\n\n subdivisionValueLabel = createElement('label', `1/${subdivision}`).position(565, 45);\n\n const subdivisionIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.position(600, 40);\n subdivisionIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseSubdivision);\n\n createElement('label', 'Beats').position(740, 10);\n const beatsDecreaseButton = createButton('-');\n beatsDecreaseButton.position(720, 40);\n beatsDecreaseButton.mousePressed(decreaseBeats);\n\n beatsValueLabel = createElement('label', numBeats.toString()).position(770, 45);\n\n const beatsIncreaseButton = createButton('+');\n beatsIncreaseButton.position(790, 40);\n beatsIncreaseButton.mousePressed(increaseBeats);\n\n // A loop makes all the volume sliders.\n for (let i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {\n let slider = createSlider(0, 1, 1, 0.01);\n slider.size(50);\n slider.position(20, 120 + (i * 140)); // Increase distance between sliders\n slider.input(() => updateVolume(i));\n volumeSliders.push(slider);\n }\n}\n```\n\n- The `squareStates` array is initialized as a 2D array with dimensions `numRows` by `numBeats * subdivision`.\n- Each element is set to `false`, indicating that all squares are initially off.\n- This setup ensures that the grid is ready before being accessed in the `draw()` function.","created_at":"2025-03-21T17:02:28.842968Z","output_tokens":751}],"assets":[{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-21T17:06:39.108792Z","resource_type":"video","id":62261,"cloudinary_id":"shhlpamyqzyuvliiljqf","name":"kick1","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-20T18:12:27.840999Z","resource_type":"video","id":62159,"cloudinary_id":"g0sez1ovj0fbo4jcekqx","name":"goodkick","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-20T17:46:02.431690Z","resource_type":"video","id":62104,"cloudinary_id":"igm0rgonxlrnsoabe9wk","name":"MemphisSlap","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-20T17:44:57.426714Z","resource_type":"video","id":62102,"cloudinary_id":"xg4mhbgdovnghpbfxcsu","name":"PluckedBass1","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.657768Z","resource_type":"video","id":61744,"cloudinary_id":"lmoh0ws17p2jrinyssxl","name":"med","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.652205Z","resource_type":"video","id":61743,"cloudinary_id":"doq1e5ggqrh0cqqgqnqa","name":"lo","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.639216Z","resource_type":"video","id":61742,"cloudinary_id":"tnzyu8tbqec301r720xg","name":"hi","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.626691Z","resource_type":"video","id":61741,"cloudinary_id":"kovnjespilr53kzj2pla","name":"hihat","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.619319Z","resource_type":"video","id":61740,"cloudinary_id":"dlu99kgkjlags0h7iusc","name":"snare","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.604065Z","resource_type":"video","id":61739,"cloudinary_id":"uz1znejosnxvreovzggk","name":"kick","deleted":false},{"project_id":6338,"created_at":"2025-03-18T17:38:10.583815Z","resource_type":"image","id":61738,"cloudinary_id":"qfjlc7tnvpon8pi8flzx","name":"ss","deleted":false}],"messages_sent":18,"comments":[],"steps":[]}